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NOAA SHIP RUDE MAPPING THE OCEAN FLOOR
August 20, 1999 Commissioned
in 1967, RUDE is one
of NOAA's smallest ships.
The ship is named after Captain Gilbert T. Rude (pronounced 'roo-dee')
of the former Coast and Geodetic
Survey, who developed the Rude Star Finder, a navigational
device used for locating celestial bodies.
RUDE conducts hydrographic
surveys along the Northeast Coast of the U.S. and specializes
in locating submerged wrecks and obstructions to navigation.
These surveys are used to update the nation's suite of nautical
charts. Accurate charts are important to the entire maritime
community to prevent marine disasters such as ship groundings
and oil spills. These charts are also important for coastal management
and for the planning and development of marine sanctuaries.
RUDE is equipped with highly
advanced hydrographic and navigation equipment. A pole-mounted
SEABAT
multibeam sonar acquires a fan-shaped swath of depth data
from 40 sounding beams up to 13 times a second. Side-scan sonar
generates a map-view image of the seafloor. Differential Global
Positioning System receivers use satellite and radio signals
to position the ship within 5 meters (17 feet). A CTD (conductivity,
temperature, depth) probe determines sound velocity through water
to correct depth soundings. RUDE is also fully equipped for SCUBA
diving operations to allow physical inspection of submerged obstructions.
To search for underwater obstructions,
RUDE uses the side-scan sonar. The side-scan
towfish and recorder provide an acoustic image of the sea
floor covering a wide swath of up to 300 meters, dependent on
water depth. Side scan sonar locates objects over large areas
and provides estimated heights of obstructions.
All significant objects located
during reconnaissance side-scan surveys are investigated using
the multibeam sonar, which gives precise depths and positions
over a narrower swath. Ship's divers are used to determine the
extent and nature of the hazard. An accurate position and description
of the hazard is obtained for charting purposes. Soundings from
RUDE's surveys are used for updating the nautical
charts.
Three years ago, RUDE's technology was employed to help the U.S.
Navy and Coast Guard locate the wreckage from TWA
flight 800. Most recently, RUDE was instrumental in the search
and location of John F. Kennedy Jr.'s
aircraft off Martha's Vineyard, MA.
RUDE normally is at sea from
February through November and is homeported in Norfolk,
VA.
Office of NOAA Corps
Since NOAAs beginning,
a large percentage of its oceanographic, atmospheric, hydrographic,
fisheries and coastal data has been collected on NOAA
ships and aircraft. This fleet of platforms is managed and
operated by the Office of NOAA Corps Operations, an office made
up of civilians and officers of the NOAA
Commissioned Corps (a uniformed service of the United States).
In addition to research and monitoring activities critical to
NOAAs mission, NOAA ships
and aircraft provide immediate response capabilities for unpredictable
events, such as recovery and search efforts after the TWA Flight
800 crash, damage assessment after major oil spills such as the
Exxon Valdez, Persian Gulf War and New Carissa, and several major
hurricanes during the 1998 season.
Rear Admiral Evelyn
Fields is the director of the NOAA Corps.
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